Bosnia’s Peace Plans
The EU’s first efforts in Bosnia & Herzegovina were to prevent the outbreak of war. This, EU negotiators believed, could be achieved by extending ethnic power sharing at the executive level to all key branches of the administration, and devolving central powers to local ethnic communities.

The Washington Agreement
1994 proved to be a turning point for Bosnia & Herzegovina, when the war between Croatian paramilitary groups and the Bosnian government was ended at U.S. initiative.

The Dayton Agreement
Bosnia’s punitive war finally came to an end with the Dayton Peace Agreement of November 1995, which was achieved through the energetic intercession of U.S. envoy Richard Holbrooke.

A Kosovo Protectorate
Serbia’s 1989 revocation of Kosovo’s autonomy was the first step in Yugoslavia’s breakdown wars, but international attention turned to finding a Kosovo settlement only in late 1998, when clashes between the Yugoslav army and the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) had spiraled out of control in the province.

Devolution in Macedonia
Unlike the Rambouillet Accords and UNSCR 1244, which sought a compromise between autonomy and independence for Kosovo, the Ohrid Agreement focused on local devolution and strengthening Albanian minority rights in Macedonia.